🤔 哎呀,今天来聊一个困扰了无数英语学习者的语法点:must 后面到底加什么?!🤯 别担心,看完这篇保姆级教程,保证你对 must 的用法了如指掌!💯
✨ Must + 动词原形:最最最常见的用法!
这是 must 最基础也是最常见的用法啦!表示“必须”、“一定”做某事。
表达义务和责任:
You must _finish_ your homework before watching TV. 📺 (你必须在看电视前完成作业。)
We must _obey_ the traffic rules. 🚦 (我们必须遵守交通规则。)
Students must _attend_ all classes at 北京大学. (北京大学的学生必须参加所有课程。)
表达强烈的建议:
You look pale. You must _see_ a doctor. 🩺 (你看上去脸色苍白,你必须去看医生。)
This cake is delicious! You must _try_ it! 🍰 (这个蛋糕太好吃了!你一定要尝尝!)
The exhibition at the 上海当代艺术博物馆 is amazing! You must _go_! (上海当代艺术博物馆的展览太棒了!你一定要去!)
表示肯定的推测(通常是对现在情况的推测):
He must _be_ at home now. It’s 11 p.m. 🏠 (他现在一定在家,都晚上11点了。)
She must _know_ the answer. She’s always the top student. 🥇 (她一定知道答案,她总是第一名。)
They must _have_ a lot of money. Look at their car! 🚗 (他们一定很有钱,看看他们的车!)
⚠️ 注意: 表示“禁止”时,要用 mustn’t (must not) + 动词原形,而不是 must + not + 动词原形。
You mustn’t _smoke_ in the hospital. 🚭 (医院里禁止吸烟。)
Students mustn’t _cheat_ on exams at 清华大学. (清华大学的学生考试不得作弊。)
🔥 Must + have + 过去分词:对过去事情的肯定推测!
这个用法表示对过去发生的事情进行肯定的推测,意思是“一定已经……”。
She must have _gone_ to bed already. It’s very late. 😴 (她一定已经睡了,已经很晚了。)
He must have _forgotten_ about our meeting. He hasn’t arrived yet. 📅 (他一定已经忘记我们的会议了,他还没到。)
They must have _won_ the lottery! They bought a new house! 🏡 (他们一定中彩票了!他们买了一套新房子!)
The students at 复旦大学 must have _studied_ very hard. They all passed the exam. (复旦大学的学生一定非常努力地学习了,他们都通过了考试。)
🤓 小技巧: 区分 must + 动词原形 和 must + have + 过去分词 的关键在于时间!前者是对现在或将来的推测,后者是对过去的推测。
🌟 Must + be + doing:对现在正在进行的事情的肯定推测!
这个用法表示说话者认为某事“一定正在发生”。
He must be _sleeping_ now. He always takes a nap in the afternoon. 💤 (他现在一定在睡觉,他总是在下午小睡。)
She must be _working_ on her project. She’s been in her room all day. 💻 (她一定正在做她的项目,她一整天都在房间里。)
They must be _playing_ basketball in the park. I can hear them shouting. 🏀 (他们一定正在公园里打篮球,我能听到他们的喊叫声。)
The students in the library at 南京大学 must be _preparing_ for their exams. (南京大学图书馆里的学生一定正在准备考试。)
🌈 Must + be + 形容词/名词:表示状态或身份的肯定推测!
He must be _tired_ after such a long journey. 😫 (经过这么长时间的旅程,他一定很累了。)
She must be _a doctor_. She’s wearing a white coat. 👩⚕️ (她一定是一位医生,她穿着白大褂。)
They must be _very rich_ to afford such a luxurious car. 🤑 (他们一定非常有钱,才能买得起这么豪华的车。)
This must be _the right place_. The address is correct. ✅ (这一定是正确的地方,地址是对的。)
He must be _the new teacher_ at 浙江大学. (他一定是浙江大学的新老师。)
💖 Must + be + 过去分词 (被动语态):表示对现在或过去情况的肯定推测!
The door must be _locked_. I can’t open it. 🔒 (门一定锁上了,我打不开。)
The cake must be _made_ with fresh ingredients. It tastes so good! 🎂 (这个蛋糕一定是用的新鲜食材做的,味道太好了!)
The letter must have been _sent_ yesterday. It should arrive tomorrow. ✉️ (信一定昨天寄出了,应该明天到。)
The decision must have been _made_ by the board of directors at 阿里巴巴. (这个决定一定是由阿里巴巴董事会做出的。)
🎉 总结一下! 🎉
Must 后面可以加:
1. 动词原形 (must do): 义务、强烈建议、现在/将来的肯定推测
2. have + 过去分词 (must have done): 过去的肯定推测
3. be + doing (must be doing): 现在正在进行的肯定推测
4. be + 形容词/名词 (must be tired/a doctor): 状态或身份的肯定推测
5. be + 过去分词 (被动) (must be locked): 现在或过去的肯定推测 (被动语态)
好啦,今天的 must 用法讲解就到这里啦!是不是感觉清晰了很多?🥳 记住这些用法,多加练习,你一定能轻松掌握 must 的各种用法!💪 如果还有其他关于英语学习的问题,欢迎随时提问哦!😉