英语记单词方法和技巧

死记硬abe-left-blank.pngnd-blank.pngng>英语< an>，< an>< an>记< an>< an>单< an>< an>词< an>的科学< an>< an>方法< an>论

很多人觉得< an>记< an>< an>单< an>…

< an>我是一个曾长期蒙受其害的人。 < an>我走过的弯路，不希望大家再走。 … 耶鲁斯坦福全奖女孩：< an>背< an>< an>单< an>< an>词< an>最好的< an>方法< an>只有一个，那就是死< an>记< an>硬< an>背< an> …

…

< an>我是一个曾长期蒙受其害的人。 < an>我走过的弯路，不希望大家再走。 … 耶鲁斯坦福全奖女孩：< an>背< an>< an>单< an>< an>词< an>最好的< an>方法< an>只有一个，那就是死< an>记< an>硬< an>背< an> …

…

耶鲁斯坦福全奖女孩：< an>背< an>< an>单< an>< an>词< an>最好的< an>方法< an>只有一个，那就是死< an>记< an>硬< an>背< an>

https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFJgQf-R95w37Q-k4j2yW195Q7p_2TqV7p0y793pA2g43V3X2Pj9rY4b52bJp2P1_hQ7R_N9W_D3N1J7N-J_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3R-J7N_l1O3

10天搞定考研核心3000词(完整字幕版) UP主：… – bilibili

(2018-05-24) 利用碎片时间，通过联想记忆，词根词缀，象形记忆等方法，将考研核心单词一网打尽，做到高效记忆，过目不忘。 考研英语,英语,学习,考研,英语单词,词汇,单词,背单词,单词记忆法,词根词缀.

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巧< an>< an>记< an>< an>单< an>< an>词< an>之< an>构< an>< an>词< an>< an>法< an> – 知乎

构< an>< an>词< an>< an>法< an>是研究< an>单< an>< an>词< an>构成规律的< an>方法< an>，主要有三种方式：转化、合成和派生。 这种< an>方法< an>对于扩大< an>词< an>汇量很有帮助。 1、转化< an>< an>法< an>. 转化，即由一种< an>词< an>性转化为另一种< an>词< an>性。

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这种方法的弊端在于，无法有效管理记忆情况，比如哪些单词记住了，哪些没记住，难以区分。 结果就是花了不少时间，记住的单词却不多。 而且，单纯背单词本身就是一件很枯燥的事。

但是记单词这件事，其实没有那么玄乎。你不需要找什么“一个小时记住1000个单词”的秘籍，也不用相信那些说“不用背单词”的论调。语言的基础就是单词，就像盖房子需要砖块一样。 关键在于找到适合自己的方法，然后坚持下去。

首先要明白一个基本原则：重复。重复是记东西唯一有效的方法。 我们能脱口而出很多广告词，并不是因为我们刻意去记，而是因为重复的次数多了，自然就记住了。 但是，重复不是盲目地、随意地重复，而是要有计划性。

基于“重复”原则的科学方法：间隔重复法

这个方法的核心是基于德国心理学家艾宾浩斯的遗忘曲线。简单来说，我们学习新知识后，记忆会随着时间推移而衰退。 如果能在遗忘的关键时间点及时复习，就能把短期记忆转化为长期记忆。

具体怎么操作呢？

第1步：初次学习。 接触一个新单词，理解它的意思和用法。

第2步：设定复习周期。 根据遗忘曲线，可以在不同时间点进行复习，例如5分钟后、30分钟后、12小时后、1天后、2天后、4天后、7天后、15天后。 现在有很多手机应用都内置了基于艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线的算法，可以自动安排复习计划。

第3步：执行复习。 在复习的时候，快速回顾单词的意思。如果想不起来，就再看一遍，然后重新安排下一次的复习。

这种方法的优点在于，它把复习的力气用在了刀刃上，让你在最需要的时候去巩固记忆。

让单词“活”起来的方法：语境记忆法

孤立地背单词，就像记住一个电话号码，很难长久。但如果把单词放到一个有意义的环境里，记忆效果就会好很多。 科学研究表明，在语境中学习信息，记忆保持率可以达到65%，而孤立信息的保持率只有10%。

具体怎么操作呢？

通过阅读记单词。 这是最自然的方法。 在读文章、看新闻或者看小说的时候，遇到不认识的单词，先别急着查字典。尝试根据上下文猜测它的意思。 比如，“The arduous journey through the mountains tested everyone’s limits.” 就算不认识 arduous，通过“mountains”和“tested limits”也能猜出是“艰难的”意思。 这样通过思考得来的印象会更深刻。

通过句子和段落记单词。 记忆单词的时候，不要只记单词本身，最好是记住一个包含这个单词的例句。 这样你不仅记住了单词的意思，还学会了它的用法和搭配。 比如，学“capture”这个词，可以分别记住三个句子来对应它的不同意思：“The three thieves have been captured by the police.”（捕获）、“Such unique painting will capture children’s interests.”（引起）、“This book successfully captures the spirit of the age.”（描述）。

主题归类记忆。 把同一主题相关的单词放在一起记。 比如，学习关于“环保”主题的文章时，可以把 pollution, conservation, sustainable, renewable, ecosystem, carbon footprint 等单词串联起来，形成一个词汇网络。

拆解单词的方法：词根词缀法

这个方法对于记忆那些看起来又长又难的单词很有用。 英语中很多单词都是由一个核心的词根，加上前缀或后缀构成的。 认识一个词根或词缀，可以帮助你理解一大串单词。

具体怎么操作呢？

学习常见词根词缀。 你需要先掌握一些常见的词根和词缀的意义。比如，前缀“re-”表示“再一次”或“回来”，后缀“-er”表示“人或物”。 词根“-dict-”表示“说”。

拆解和分析单词。 遇到一个新单词，可以尝试拆解它。例如，“describe”可以拆成“de-”（向下）和“-scribe”（写），字面意思就是“写下来”，引申为“描述”。 “subscribe”可以拆成“sub-”（在…下面）和“-scribe”（写），在纸下面写下名字，就是“订阅、签署”的意思。

逻辑联想。 通过理解词根词缀的含义，为单词的记忆构建一个逻辑路径。 这样做，就把记忆无意义的字母组合，转变为理解有内在逻辑的含义，记忆自然会更持久。

但要注意，词根词缀法不是万能的。它的主要作用是帮助你更好地理解和感知一个单词，而不是让你去猜测一个完全陌生的单词的意思。 对于一些简单的、没有明显构词规律的单词，这种方法就不太适用。

发挥想象力的方法：联想记忆法

这种方法有时候看起来有点“牵强附会”，但对于一些特别难记的单词，却很有效果。 关键是发挥你自己的想象力。

具体怎么操作呢？

谐音联想。 根据单词的读音，在中文里找一个发音相似的词，并把它和单词的意思联系起来。比如，“pest”（害虫）可以联想成“拍死它”。

形象联想。 把单词和一幅生动的画面联系起来。比如，记“apple”的时候，可以想象一个红彤彤的苹果。

对比联想。 把一些长得像、容易混淆的单词放在一起对比记忆。 例如，“vernal”（春天的）和“venial”（可宽恕的），可以这样记：vernal 里的 “r” 像一片小树叶，和春天有关；venial 里的 “i” 像一个人，人会犯错，所以和“可宽恕的”有关。

一些实际操作的建议

1. 制定明确的计划和目标。 比如，每天记100个新单词，复习400个旧单词。不要把战线拉得太长，一个背单词的周期最好不要超过一个月。
2. 选择合适的工具。 现在有很多好用的背单词软件，它们通常都结合了间隔重复法和语境记忆法，并且有丰富的词库和例句。
3. 利用碎片时间。 等车、排队、上厕所的时间都可以用来快速浏览几个单词。
4. 多看、少写、不读。 在初记阶段，重点是快速、多次地重复，目标是在阅读中能认出来就行。 看单词本身和它的中文意思，效率最高。 不要花太多时间在抄写和朗读上，因为很多单词在考试中只要求认知，不考发音和拼写。
5. 保持耐心，坚持下去。 记单词是一个长期的过程，不可能一蹴而就。 刚开始可能会觉得痛苦，就像长时间不锻炼突然去运动一样，需要一个适应期。 但是只要坚持下去，就会发现它所需要消耗的精力会越来越小。